Basics of metal cutting
Band saws for different shapes
A band saw is a long, thin blade mounted between two wheels, offering excellent control during the cutting process. Because of this, it can be used for much more delicate work than most other types of power saws. Band saws are very versatile tools, as they can cut metal in a straight line, a curve, or more irregular shapes.
The power of the saw is also important: large floor-standing machines can have motors up to 2 horsepower, but more commonly you will find that a band saw with a 1 to 1.5 horsepower motor is more than sufficient. Some lightweight bench-top machines have less power. The cost-effectiveness of the saw largely depends on the use of high-quality blades.
Band saws for cutting metal are usually equipped with brushes or brush wheels that prevent chips from getting stuck between the teeth of the blade. Cooling systems that supply cutting fluid are also common on metal-cutting band saws. The coolant washes away debris and keeps the blade cool and lubricated.
Horizontal band saws hold the workpiece in a fixed position while the blade moves downward through the cut. This configuration is used for cutting long materials such as pipes or bars to length.
Vertical band saws keep the blade path fixed while the workpiece is moved against it. This type of saw can be used to cut complex shapes and angles.
Circular saw for precise cuts
A metal circular saw is designed for precise straight-line cutting of metal. Manual, semi-automatic, automatic, and high-speed circular saws are available. Circular saws can be used for professional or home use. The latter are suitable for basic sawing tasks but offer fewer features compared to professional circular saws.
Band saw or circular saw?
Circular saws use cutting blades that are thicker and more rigid compared to band saw blades in order to reduce vibration and ensure a better surface finish. However, they require more energy and a rigid machine structure because they produce wider cuts. Cutting wider kerfs results in more material loss. Band saws therefore offer better material efficiency compared to circular saws.
If high material efficiency is not required, a band saw is usually the better option. Band saw machines use thinner blades and produce less waste. Their energy consumption is also significantly lower than that of circular saws.
What to consider when choosing a metal cutting system
When deciding which cutting system is best for your needs, consider the following:
- cutting speed,
- investment and operating costs,
- required floor space,
- wet (coolant) or dry cutting,
- cutting accuracy,
- surface finish,
- future production planning.
Ask yourself what your needs and goals are. For assistance, consult one of our experts who will help you choose the right metal cutting machine.
